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Thesis
Prevalence of Selected Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections (Syphilis, Gonorrhea and Trichomoniasis) and their associated Risk Factors among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Hiv) Patients in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Adare General Hospital, Hawassa, Ethiopia
Author(s) : Kassahun Seifu
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Issue Date : 2022-07-13T07:05:21Z
Abstract :
Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are variety of clinical syndromes caused by pathogens that can be acquired and transmitted through sexual activity. The most common curable sexually transmitted infections: Chlamydia (etiological agent: Chlamydia trachomatis), gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhea), Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis) and Syphilis (Treponema pallidum).
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections and their associated risk factors among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients attending at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (HUCSH) and Adare General Hospital (AGH) antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinic from May 2021 to September 2021 Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Methodology: A facility based cross sectional study has been conducted in ART clinic of Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (HUCSH) and Adare General Hospital (AGH), Hawassa, Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique has been used to select study participants. Urethral discharge, vaginal discharge and venous blood sample has been collected and urethral and vaginal specimen has been inoculated onto Thayer Martin media. The isolate has been confirmed by using different biochemical tests such as oxidase and catalase for Neisseria gonorrhea. The venous blood sample has been centrifuged and tested serologically in Enzyme-Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay for syphilis, and while T. vaginalis has been identified by using wet mount preparation. Descriptive statistics has been done using frequency and percentage to represent the findings in the form of statement, graph and table. Bivariate and multivariate analysis has been used to determine the association between covariates and the outcome variables. P-values <0.05 has been considered as statistically significant by using SPSS version 25.
Result: A total of 422 study participants were proportionally allocated to the two governmental health institutes in Hawassa town. The response rate was 98.34%. The prevalence of Syphilis, Trichomonas, mixed infection and Gonorrhea was 83(20%), 48(11.65%), 11(2.65%) and 7 (1.67%), respectively. Being female AOR = 0.46, 95% CI (0.26-0.82), p value = 0.009), age category of (55-78) AOR (0.14, 95% CI (0.02-0.99%), p value = 0.049), pain during urination
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(AOR = 2.16, 95% CI (1.12-4.16), p value = 0.02) had statistically significant association for STI.
Conclusion: Based on our finding, there is a high prevalence of curable STI among HIV patients at HUCSH & AGH during the study period. Syphilis was the most predominant infection followed by trichomoniasis, mixed infection and Gonorrhea. In multivariate analysis being female, age range of (55-78) years and pain during urination were statistically significant associated factors for the prevalence of STI.
